assalamalaikom you all brothers...
first I hope brother Osama merge or move that thread into the other thread or section talking about the same topic.......
thank you ,Sama ,for the link,though I think the writer's reasoning is faulty...
The problem for the critics is that this has already been explained by Muhammed (PBUH) as an idiom (a figure of speech). Muhammed (PBUH) explained this Quranic reference by saying “the (people of the old age) used to give names (to their persons) after the names of apostles and pious persons who had gone before them."
First : The prophet's saying doesn't mean "sister of Harun " would be "an idiom" but it means ,Mary had a literal brother whose literal name was "Harun",and that is no wonder as the jew(and others too) used to give names (to their persons) after the names of apostles and pious persons who had gone before them.
So in short, this is not to be taken literally
The prophet (peace be upon him) explained it literally ,and It must be taken literally (more reasons to be mentioned in the following lines).
let us focus on some Christian missionaries who pad this claim with other references or points of argumentation.
1. The first appendum is that the Christians of Najran were the ones who objected to the title “sister of Harunâ€, thus the critic claims this intimates idioms of such a nature were not in use in the past. The critic wants PROOF showing past communities using such phraseology.
the Christians of Najran ,thought that the "Harun" mentioned in the verse, has to be the brother of Moses ,and the prophet corrected them ,that he wasn't. he was a literal brother to Mary ,ho had the same name.
It was narrated from Ibn Jarir, narrated from Yaqub, narrated from Ibn U’laya, narrated from Sa’id Ibn Abi Sadaqa, narrated from Muhammad Ibn Sireen who stated that he was told that Ka’b said the verse that reads, "O sister of Harun (Aaron)!" (of Sura 19:28) does not refer to Aaron the brother of Moses. Aisha replied to Ka’b, "you have lied."
Ka’b responded, "O Mother of the believers! If the prophet, may Allah’s prayers be upon him, has said it, and he is more knowledgeable, then this is what he related. Besides, I find the difference in time between them (Jesus and Moses) to be 600 years." He said that she remained silent.
first :the authenticity of that narration is classified as Hadith Munqati', A tradition that has a discontinuous chain of transmitters . and dubious.
وقال ابن جرير : حدثني يعقوب حدثنا ابن علية عن سعيد بن أبي صدقة عن محمد بن سيرين قال: نبئت أن كعباً قال: إن قوله: (( يَا أُخْتَ هَارُونَ )) ليس بهارون أخي موسى، قال: فقالت له عائشة : كذبت، قال: يا أم المؤمنين! إن كان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قاله فهو أعلم وأخبر، وإلا فإني أجد بينهما ستمائة سنة، قال: فسكتت، وفي هذا التاريخ نظر ]. ثم أيضاً هو منقطع، قال محمد بن سيرين : نبئت. من الذي نبأه؟ فيه انقطاع
Second: assuming the narration as true, then Aisha misunderstood the meaning,surely she never heard of the explanation of the prophet to Sahabi Al Mughira Ibn Shu’ba,after his return from the christian community of Najran.
Sale wrote:
“it manifestly appears that Mohammed well knew and asserted that Moses preceded Jesus several ages." Thus it is clear to Sale that Muhammed did not believe Mary and Aaron to be literal brother and sister or even contemporaries.
exactly ,and to elaborate:
First :we already know from the holy Quran that :
1- a succession of prophets came after Moses and before Jesus:
2:87 For, indeed, We vouchsafed unto
Moses the divine writ and
caused apostle after apostle to follow him; and We vouchsafed unto Jesus, the son of Mary, all evidence of the truth
Quran 5:46 Lo! We did
reveal the Torah, wherein is guidance and a light, by which
the prophets who surrendered (unto Allah) judged the Jews, and the rabbis and the priests by such of Allah's Scripture as they were bidden to observe, and thereunto were they witnesses. So fear not mankind, but fear Me. And My revelations for a little gain. Whoso judgeth not by that which Allah hath revealed: such are disbelievers.We prescribed for them in : a life for a life, an eye for an eye, a nose for a nose, an ear for an ear, a tooth for a tooth, and a wound for a wound. But, if anyone forgoes it, this shall be for him an expiation. Those who do not judge by what God has sent down are wrongdoers!And
We sent after them in their footsteps Jesus, son of Mary, verifying what was before him of the Taurat and We gave him the Injeel in which was guidance and light, and verifying what was before it of Taurat and a guidance and an admonition for those who guard .
Quran 57:27 And We sent Noah and Abraham, and established in
their line Prophethood and Revelation: and some of them were on right guidance. But many of them became rebellious transgressors.Then, in their wake,
We followed them up with [others of] Our messengers and after them Jesus, son of Mary.
Quran 4:155 The followers of the Book ask you to bring down to them a book from heaven; so indeed they demanded of
Moses a greater thing than that, for they said: Show us Allah manifestly; so the lightning overtook them on account of their injustice. Then they took the calf (for a god), after clear signs had come to them, but We pardoned this; and We gave to Musa clear authority.And We caused the Mount to tower above them at (the taking of) their covenant: and We bade them: Enter the gate, prostrate! and We bode them: Transgress not the Sabbath! and We took from them a firm covenant.Because of their breaking the charter, their disbelief in God´s signs
their killing the prophets(after Mose) without any right to do so, and their saying: your hearts are covered over," instead, God has stamped them with their disbelief. They only believe a little and for their ingratitude and their saying against Mary serious, false charges to harm her reputation .That they said (in boast), "We killed Christ Jesus the son of Mary, the Apostle of God";- but they killed him not, nor crucified him.
Second : The prophet said that no prophet appeared between him and Jesus :
Sahih Bukhari Volume 4, Book 55, Number 651:
Narrated Abu Huraira:I heard Allah's Apostle saying, "I am the nearest of all the people to the son of Mary, and all the prophets are paternal brothers, and there
has been no prophet between me and him (i.e. Jesus)."
For it does not follow, because two persons have the same name, and have each a father and brother who bear the same names, that they must therefore necessarily be the same
Exactly..
It must be observed that though the Virgin Mary is called in the Koran, the sister of Aaron, yet she is nowhere called the sister of Moses.
yes ... and that is a question directed at those who suggest "sister of Harun" as an idiom.....
not only it would be proper if they use metaphorical idiom of lineage ,to use "daughter of ....." instead of "sister of...." but also why hadn't they used "daughter or sister of Moses" who is far more important than Harun....
I would conclude the post with final words from some tafsirs that mention the literal understanding:
1-The great Tafsir "Al-Razi" wrote :
"sister of Harun" is suggested to be literal or metaphorical ,the literal is the most sound ,and the meaning would be ,that she had a literal righteous brother whose name was Harun ,and the Jews gave her the shame of being a sister of a righteous person and commit such shameful act of adultery...strengthen more the literal meaning is that ,it is known that the literal meaning is the rule and the exception is the metaphorical (that requires strong basis to resort to), also the same verse there is a mention of her father and mother as righteous, and that makes her Deserving more censure and condemnation. for having righteous brother and parents ,yet she commit such shameful adultery...
In Arabic:
مختار فخر الدين الرازي:
كان لها أخ يسمى هارون من صلحاء بني إسرائيل فعيرت به وهذا هو الأقرب لوجهين:
الأول: أن الأصل في الكلام الحقيقة, وإنما [كان]ظاهر الآية محمولا على حقيقتها لو كان لها أخ يسمى هارون.
الثاني: إنها أضيفت إليه[يعني أخوها] ووصف أبوها بالصلاح وحينئذ يصير التوبيخ أشد لأن من كان حال أبويه وأخيه هذه الحالة يكون صدور الذنب عنه أفحش]].
2- Tafsir Albahr Almoheet :by Ibn hyan alandalusi:
the sound meaning is that it was her close brother ,as they used to name themselves with the names of the prophets and righteous before them.
[ج] أثير الدين محمد بن يوسف ابن حيان الأندلسي(ت.745هـ) في البحر المحيط 6/186:
[[ (يا أخت هارون) الآية. الظاهر أنه أخوها الأقرب, وكانوا يسمون بأنبيائهم والصالحين قبلهم
3- Tafsir Alqurtubi:
the meaning could be also that she had a literal brother whose name was Harun ,as lots of Jews liked to have that name ,as it was the name of the blessed Harun brother of Moses peace be upon them.
وقيل: كان لها أخ من أبيها اسمه هارون؛ لأن هذا الاسم كان كثيراً في بني إسرائيل تبركاً باسم هارون أخي موسى، وكان أمثل رجل في بني إسرائيل؛ قاله الكلبي
4- Tafsir alsamarqandi:
that could also mean,that she had a brother named "Harun" from her father not her mother ,the christian objected ,how could mary sister of Harun and between them 600 years ,and the prophet peace be upon him explained that Mary had a brother who was given the same name ,the prophet Harun had ...
ويقال كان لها أخ يقال له هارون من أبيها ولم يكن من أمها وذكر أن أهل الكتاب قالوا كيف تقولون إن مريم أخت هارون وكان بينهما ستمائة
سنة فذكر ذلك لرسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - فقال: " إنهم كانوا يسمون بأسماء الأنبياء والصالحين عليهم السلام " يعني أن أخا مريم سُمِّي باسم هارون النبي عليه السلام
5- Tafsir alnisaburi:
the sound meaning is that she had a literal brother whose name was "Harun".
فقيل: كان أخاها من أبيها من أمثل بين إسرائيل وهذا أظهر لأن حمل اللفظ على الحقيقة أولى من غيره
6- Tafsir Althaalebi: If the hadith of almughira is authentic ,then the meaning that she had a brother named "Harun" is the sound meaning.
وما رواه المُغِيرة إنْ ثبت هو المعوَّلُ عليه
7- Tafsir Alsaadi:
the sound meaning is that she had a real brother name Harun,not the prophet Harun.
{ يَا أُخْتَ هَارُونَ } الظاهر، أنه أخ لها حقيقي، فنسبوها إليه، وكانوا يسمون بأسماء الأنبياء وليس هو هارون بن عمران أخا موسى، لأن بينهما قرونا كثيرة
Now Imam Abi elabbas Alqutubi ,refute those tafsirs who suggested the metaphorical meaning ,in his book "clarifying the difficulties in Sahih muslim collection"
he wrote :
the Hadith that was reported by Al Mughira Ibn Shu’ba "after returning from where the community of Najran" would refute clearly ,any saying in some books of tafsir that ,Mary was called "sister of harun" as an idiom ,denotes that she is supposed to be as pious as Harun....
[هـ] كلام أبي العباس القرطبي(ت.656هـ) في المفهم لما أشكل من كتاب مسلم 5/461:
[[ وحديث المغيرة يدل على أن مريم إنما سميت أخت هارون بأخ لها كان اسمه ذلك, ويُبطل قول من قال من المفسرين إنها إنما قيل لها ذلك لأنها شبهت بهارون أخي موسى في عبادته ونسكه
Any questions,comments ?
May Allah bless you brother Osama ,and all of you dear brothers and sisters..
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